Definition
Anatomy of the Spine
The vertebral column is also called the spinal column or backbone. It's made up of 33 vertebrae that are separated by spongy disks and classified into 4 distinct areas. The cervical area consists of 7 bones in the neck. The first cervical vertebra supports the skull. The thoracic spine consists of 12 bones in the back area; the lumbar spine consists of 5bones in the lower back area; 5 sacral bones; and 4 coccygeal bones (the number of coccygeal bones can vary from 5 to 3).
Disks between each vertebrae help absorb shock. By adulthood, the 5 sacral vertebrae fuse to form 1 bone, and the 4 coccygeal vertebrae fuse to form 1 bone.
The spinal cord is a bundle of nerves. It passes through the center of the vertebral column. The spine protects the spinal cord and allows nerves for your arms, legs, and organs to exit and enter at each level.
Bone and Joint Care
Find expert care for joint pain, injuries, and conditions that affect how you move at the HPH Bone & Joint Centers.
Learn MoreRelated Articles
What Are Mallet, Hammer, and Claw Toes?
Mallet, hammer, and claw toes are among the most common foot problems. They are often caused by wearing shoes that are too short or heels that are too high.
The Shoulder Joint
The shoulder is made up of bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. Learning about the parts of the shoulder joint will help you to understand your shoulder problem.
Your Neck Muscles
Illustration and explanation of neck muscles.
How Your Hip Works
A healthy hip joint allows you to walk, squat, and turn without pain.
